Profit has long been pursued through revenue growth, often at the expense of cost efficiency. This research challenges that imbalance by introducing the Cost Optimisation Index (COI)—a new metric designed to promote a more holistic approach to profit. By analyzing literature trends and industry case studies across finance, banking, and retail, we highlight the overlooked power of cost strategies in achieving sustainable profitability.

What makes a good leader? This research explores the powerful role of emotional intelligence (EI) in shaping effective leadership. Through a detailed review of empirical studies, it highlights how qualities like empathy, adaptability, and communication—rooted in EI—are essential for leadership success and stronger organizational outcomes.

Volunteer tourism, once seen as a selfless and immersive travel experience, has undergone a transformation in the post-pandemic world. This research explores shifting expectations, diversification within the sector, and the emerging ethical concerns shaping its future. By combining academic sources with public perception studies, we uncover how voluntourism’s meaning is being redefined.